Parking rule changes and exceptions for different property uses

(a) Change of use. If there is a change in use, the number of off-street parking spaces set forth in Table 21-6.1 for the new use is required, except as provided under § 21-4.110 (e), relating to nonconforming parking and loading. (b) For accessory dwelling units, except for accessory dwelling units located within 0.5 miles of a rail station, one off-street parking space must be provided in addition to the required off-street parking for the primary dwelling unit. For accessory dwelling units located on zoning lots within the Primary Urban Center development plan area or the Ewa development plan area, the off-street parking space requirement is waived if the zoning lot developed with an accessory dwelling unit is located within 800 feet of a city bus stop; provided that this waiver does not apply if an off-street parking waiver has already been applied to an ohana unit located on the same zoning lot. (c) For bed and breakfast homes in areas where parking is required for the dwelling, one off-street parking space for each guest bedroom is required in addition to the required off-street parking for the dwelling. (d) Home occupations. (1) Home occupations that involve client visits must provide one off-street parking space for every four clients that may be on the property at any given time in addition to the parking spaces required the dwelling use. This requirement will be calculated as requiring one off-street parking for the first four clients and one additional off-street parking for every fractional increment up to four thereafter. (2) Home occupations that involve employees must provide one off-street parking space for the one onsite employee that may be on the property at any given time. (3) Residents of multi-unit dwellings may fulfill their parking requirement using guest parking if allowed by the rules and regulations for the multi-unit dwelling. (4) Commercial vehicles associated with the home occupation (other than occasional, infrequent, and momentary parking of a vehicle for pickups and deliveries as a service to the home occupation) may not park on the street. (e) In connection with planned development projects, cluster housing, conditional use permits, existing use permits, and within special districts, the director may impose special parking and loading requirements. (f) Except for multi-unit dwellings and lodging, all buildings and uses that are located within the boundaries of any improvement district for public off-street parking, and that have been assessed their share of the cost of the improvement district, are exempt from the off-street parking requirements of this chapter. (g) Joint use of parking and loading, onsite and remote. Onsite joint use of parking and loading is permitted on lots with more than one use. Remote joint use of parking and loading is permitted, subject to § 21-6.70 and this section. All parking spaces provided under this section must be standard size. The number of required parking and loading spaces may be reduced by applying the rates provided in Table 21-6.2 to the total requirement for the various uses when added together. Table 21-6.2 Join-use Parking and Loading Reduction Matrix Uses Residential Office/Industrial Other Commercial Eating and Drinking Lodging Other Table 21-6.2 Join-use Parking and Loading Reduction Matrix Uses Residential Office/Industrial Other Commercial Eating and Drinking Lodging Other Residential 100% 80% 90% 90% 90% 90% Office/Industrial 80% 100% 80% 80% 90% 90% Other Commercial 90% 80% 100% 90% 80% 90% Eating and Drinking 90% 80% 90% 100% 90% 90% Lodging 90% 90% 80% 90% 100% 90% Other 90% 90% 90% 90% 90% 90% Three different uses 90% All joint-use parking spaces must be standard size. Four or more uses 80% (h) Incentives for sustainable transportation. (1) Unbundled parking. Except in the residential zoning districts, in areas where parking is otherwise required under § 21-6.20 , if at least 50 percent of the parking spaces provided by a project is unbundled, the project has no minimum parking requirement. (2) Bicycle parking in excess of the minimum bicycle parking requirements. Four short-term or long-term bicycle parking spaces in excess of the minimum bicycle parking requirement may be substituted for one off-street vehicle parking space, up to a maximum of four vehicle parking spaces or 15 percent of the required off-street vehicle parking spaces, whichever is greater. Bicycle parking must comply with § 21-6.40 . (3) Bicycle sharing. Shared bicycle parking spaces, provided off-street on private property, may be substituted for required bicycle parking spaces, or may be substituted for up to a maximum of two vehicle parking spaces or 15 percent of the required off-street vehicle parking spaces, whichever is greater. Four shared bicycle parking spaces are equivalent to one off-street vehicle parking space. To be eligible for a reduction in the required number of vehicle parking spaces, the following must be submitted prior to the project's building permit approval: (A) A written agreement with the provider of the bicycle sharing service, including the number and a written description of the location of shared bicycles; (B) A floor plan or site plan of the area clearly identifying the location of the shared bicycles; (C) The property owner and provider's contact information, including street address; and (D) Any other pertinent information as determined by the director. (4) Car-sharing. A parking space that is utilized by a car-sharing organization, as that term is defined in HRS § 251-1, for a shared car in its fleet may be substituted for three required off-street vehicle parking spaces. The shared car parking spaces must be accessible to the members of the car-sharing organization and may include members of the car-sharing organization who access the shared cars from a public street. To be eligible for a reduction in the required number of vehicle parking spaces, the following must be submitted prior to the issuance of a building permit for the project: (A) A written agreement with the car-sharing organization that must include the number of shared car parking spaces and a description of the location of the shared car parking spaces; (B) A floor plan or site plan of the parking area clearly identifying the location of the shared car parking spaces; (C) The property owner and provider's contact information, including street address; and (D) Any other pertinent information as required by the director. (5) Motorcycle and moped parking. One motorcycle or moped parking space may be substituted for one off-street vehicle parking space, up to a maximum of two spaces, or 10 percent of the required off-street vehicle parking spaces, whichever is greater. Motorcycle and moped parking must comply with § 21-6.50 . (i) No additional off-street parking spaces are required for nonconforming zoning lots beyond parking spaces existing on December 23, 2020. Any parking spaces provided on nonconforming zoning lots are subject to the parking space standards in this chapter. (j) The following sections may have additional requirements or opportunities not set forth in this article: (1) Section 21-2.140-1 (a), relating to conditions that allow for carports and garages to encroach into front and side yards; (2) Section 21-2.140-1 (h), relating to issues that may affect the required number of parking spaces when changing uses within a previously developed lot or parcel; (3) Section 21-2.140-1 (o), relating to situations in which converted accessory structures may be exempted from off-street parking requirements; and (4) Section 21-5.50-3(c), relating to home occupations. (k) Excluding zoning lots in the preservation, agricultural, country, and residential zoning districts, off-street parking spaces will not be required for additional floor area up to 15,000 square feet per zoning lot; provided that application of this subsection may only be used once on the same zoning lot. (l) For mobile commercial establishments, when three or more mobile commercial establishments operate on one zoning lot, a minimum of five parking spaces per mobile commercial establishment is required. (m) For ohana units, the off-street parking space requirements are the same as required for the primary dwelling unit, which are in addition to the required off-street parking for the primary dwelling unit. For ohana units that are 1,000 square feet or less in size and are located on zoning lots within the Primary Urban Center development plan area or the Ewa development plan area, the off-street parking space requirement is waived if the zoning lot developed with an ohana unit is located within 800 feet of a city bus stop; provided that this waiver does not apply if an off-street parking waiver has already been applied to an accessory dwelling unit located on the same zoning lot.